A Bit of Finnish History First

Finland’s history dates back around 10,000 years when the first inhabitants settled in the region. Centuries later, the land was conquered by ancestors of today’s Swedes and Russians. By 1809, Finland became an autonomous part of the Russian Empire but achieved independence in 1917.

During World War II, Finland maintained its independence and has remained neutral in global politics since then. For history enthusiasts, the Finnish National Museum in Helsinki offers a deep dive into Finland’s rich heritage.

Finland Now

At its northern end, Finland shares borders with its Nordic neighbors, Sweden and Norway, meeting at Treriksröset (The Three-Country Cairn). Today, Finland is a member of the European Union and uses the Euro as its currency. It’s also a member of NATO.

Finland’s capital is Helsinki, and the country has a population of just under 5.5 million. Known as the “Land of a Thousand Lakes,” Finland boasts inland lakes and rivers that comprise 10% of its territory, offering breathtaking scenery at every turn.

Fun fact: Finland was the first European country to grant women the right to vote in 1906.

Finnish Climate

Finland spans a vast latitude range, resulting in varied temperatures across the country, influenced by proximity to the sea and inland areas. The country experiences four distinct seasons, with weather that can be highly unpredictable.

Winter: The coldest months are January and February, with temperatures dropping to around -3.5°C in Helsinki. Northern Lapland experiences a phenomenon called ‘kaamos’ in January when the sun doesn’t rise, ideal for viewing the Northern Lights.

Summer: July is typically the warmest month, with average temperatures around 20°C. The southern and central regions enjoy warmer temperatures, and the phenomenon of the Midnight Sun adds to the unique experience of Finnish summers.

Dressing and Styling

Given Finland’s unpredictable weather, it’s advisable to check the daily forecast and dress accordingly. Layering is key to staying comfortable throughout the day, with essentials including gloves, a beanie, and rainproof gear to prepare for any weather conditions.

Always take extra layers with you. Keep your gloves close, keep your beanie closer. Always back the rainproof gear, no matter what weather you’re heading out to. If you’re going to be visiting new places, the first thing is to be as comfortable as possible.

What to Wear: Layering for Cold Weather

The Base Layer

The base layer is crucial for moisture management, keeping your core warm and wicking sweat away from your skin.

Choose warm, moisture-wicking materials like merino wool or synthetic fibers for your thermals. Avoid cotton, as it retains moisture and can cause you to feel cold. Opt for long-sleeved thermal tops and either long underwear or leggings.

The Mid Layer

The mid layer provides insulation by trapping body heat.

Opt for materials such as fleeceor synthetic insulation. Fleece jackets, wool sweaters, or insulated jackets are perfect choices. You may need multiple mid layers depending on the temperature.

Outer Layer

The outer layer protects you from wind, rain, and snow.

Select waterproof and windproof materials like Gore-Tex or other technical fabrics. A sturdy winter coat or parka, ideally with a  hood  to keep your head warm, is essential. Look for features like adjustable cuffs and hems to keep out the cold.

Accessories

Don’t forget to protect your extremities, which are vulnerable to frostbite.

Keep your head warm with a hat or beanie made from wool (merino is best) or synthetic fibers. Consider adding a balaclava or neck gaiter for extra protection.

For your hands, use insulated gloves or mittens. Mittens generally offer more warmth than gloves but less dexterity.

Choose thermal socks, preferably wool, and insulated, waterproof boots. Layering two pairs of socks can add extra warmth.

Sightseeing: Where Should You Go First?

Helsinki

Helsinki, the vibrant capital of Finland, offers a blend of modern design, historical charm, and natural beauty. A must-visit is the iconic Helsinki Cathedral, a stunning neoclassical structure dominating Senate Square. Nearby, the bustling Market Square (Kauppatori) offers a taste of local life with its fresh produce and Finnish delicacies.

Don’t miss the unique Temppeliaukio Church, known as the Rock Church, carved directly into solid rock, or the majestic Uspenski Cathedral, showcasing Eastern Orthodox architecture. For art enthusiasts, the Ateneum Art Museum and Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art provide rich cultural experiences.

A short ferry ride takes you to Suomenlinna, a UNESCO World Heritage sea fortress with fascinating history and scenic views. Stroll through the Design District for cutting-edge Finnish design, and relax in the lush Esplanadi Park, a green haven in the city center. These highlights make Helsinki a captivating destination for any traveler.

Turku

Turku, located on the southwest coast of Finland, is the country’s oldest city and boasts a rich cultural and historical heritage. Be sure to visit the Turku Castle, founded in the late 13th century, which is one of Finland’s most significant historical monuments.

Kemi

Kemi is most famous for its SnowCastle, a fortress built entirely out of ice each winter. The SnowCastle features a snow hotel, ice restaurant, and a chapel, all crafted from snow and ice. Visitors can stay overnight in the snow hotel, enjoy a meal at the cozy ice restaurant, or even get married in the snow chapel.

Aland Archipelago

The Aland Archipelago, an autonomous region of Finland located in the Baltic Sea between mainland Finland and Sweden, consists of around 6,700 islands, with about 60 to 80 inhabited. Known for its unique blend of Finnish and Swedish cultures, stunning natural beauty, and rich maritime history, it’s best explored by bike or kayak. Don’t miss the Aland Maritime Museum and Bomarsund Fortress.

Levi

Levi is one of Finland’s most popular ski resorts, located in Finnish Lapland. It offers excellent skiing conditions with 43 slopes catering to all skill levels, extensive cross-country skiing trails, and snow parks for freestyle enthusiasts. Levi is also renowned for its Northern Lights displays.

Tampere

Tampere, located in southern Finland, is known for its scenic beauty and cultural landmarks. Visit the Pyynikki Ridge and Observation Tower for panoramic views, the Tampere Art Museum for Finnish artwork, and the Lenin Museum for exhibits on Vladimir Lenin. Don’t miss the bustling Tampere Market Hall for local specialties.

Koli National Park

Located in eastern Finland, Koli National Park offers breathtaking vistas from Ukko-Koli Hill over Lake Pielinen. Explore its hiking trails, rich wildlife, and winter activities like cross-country skiing and snowshoeing.

Rovaniemi

Rovaniemi, the capital of Finnish Lapland, is famed as the official hometown of Santa Claus. Explore the Santa Claus Village year-round, and visit Arktikum for cultural and environmental insights. Enjoy snowmobile safaris, Northern Lights hunts, and stays in ice hotels for a truly Arctic experience. Rovaniemi also offers skiing at Ounasvaara Ski Resort and scenic views from Jätkänkynttilä Bridge.

Conclusion: Additional Clothing Tips

Layering

Ensure that each layer you wear is breathable to allow moisture to escape, preventing overheating and sweating.

Adjustability

Always be prepared to add or remove layers based on your activity level and changes in weather conditions.

Quality Over Quantity

Invest in high-quality materials for each layer to ensure better insulation and moisture management. Cheaper alternatives are often unsuitable and may not last long, leading to higher overall costs in the long run.

Fit

Layers should fit comfortably without restricting movement. The base layer should be snug, the mid-layer slightly looser, and the outer layer should provide enough space for all layers without being too bulky.

Packing for a trip to Finland, especially during the winter, requires thoughtful preparation to ensure comfort, warmth, and style. Embracing the art of layering with high-quality materials is key to managing Finland's unpredictable weather and making the most of your travel experience. Whether you're exploring Helsinki's cultural landmarks, the historical depths of Turku, or the snowy wonders of Lapland's Levi, being well-prepared will enhance every moment of your adventure. Remember to enjoy Finland's rich history, breathtaking natural beauty, and vibrant culture.

Now, gear up, pack smartly, and get ready to create unforgettable memories in the Land of a Thousand Lakes. Safe travels!

Question for you: What part of Finland are you most excited to explore?